Tile.



w. E RIVERS".

TILE. APPLICATION 'rn-nn JUNE 11, 1909'.

Patented July 18,1911.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. I

WILLIAM E. RIVERS, OF OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE OLD BRIDGEENAMELLED BRICK & TILE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

TILE. 1:1.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 18, 1911.

Application filed June 11, 1909. Serial No. 501,451.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, lViLLLut E. ltlvnns, a subject of the King of GreatBritain, and a resident of Old Bridge, in the county of Middlesex, inthe State of New Jersey, United States of America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tiles, of which the following is,taken in connection with the accompanying drawing and thereference-numerals marked thereon, complete, concise, and accuratedescription or specification.

My invention primarily relates to certain improvements in what arecommonly known as anchor back tiles, such as are illustrated in LettersPatent No. 766,526, dated August 2nd, 1904, heretofore granted to me.

One object of my invention is to provide an anchorage cavity for tiles,that will afford a free and unobstructed vent for the escape of the airduring the operation of the laying or floating of the tile, and notbecome pocketed therein, which would otherwise tend to resist theentrance of the cement and thus resultin an imperfect and insecureanchorage for the tile.

A further object of my invention is to provide the cavities of the tilewith a plurality of under-cut or shouldered semi-annular edges, sopositioned and arranged with relation to the ends of the tile, thateither end, when presented to the adjacent set tile as it is beingfloated or assembled, will receive sufiicient cement or anchorageadhesive under one or the other under-cut edges of the cavity tosecurely anchor or lock the same to its bed.

Further objects of my invention will manifest themselves upon a readingof the following specification.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved tile. Fig. 2 is a view ofthe under side of a tile embodying a modification of my improvement.

Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawing, in which I haveillustrated in perspective a tile provided with my new and improved formof anchoring cavities; in Fig. 2, a detailed modification thereof, -lindicates the tile, which may be composed of thin plaques of burned clayor dust and kaolin, as well as of silicon or glass, but I do not limitmyself in this respect. In the molding or casting of the tile, I form atthe back and extremities thereof, semi-annular grooves -2-. The edges ofthese grooves indicated at 3 and 4; are under-cut as shown at -5 toprovide anchorage space for the cement or other adhesive sub stance.These grooves with the under-cut or shouldered edges may be formed inany suitable manner with one operation or more, as desired. However, Ihave found, as an economical and simple method, the employment of anelastic facing for the die, which, when depressed, will spread out atits bot tom or lower end, to thus form the undercut. In applying orfloating my tiles, it will be apparent that it is quite immaterial whichend is first brought into contact, as they are both alike. As the tilesare applied or fioated with a sliding motion, the grooves or depressionswill readily fill with the cement or adhesive anchoring material, andthe annular under-cut edges or portions farthest from the applied or settile will be forced full of the material of the cement. For instance, ifthe tile be applied in a direction to cause the edge of groove 2 to beforced full of cement in the sliding movement, so will the edge 3 of thegroove 2 be filled with the cement, and the reverse if the other end isapplied first to the set or mounted tile. It will likewise be apparentthat when applying these tiles, the air will have ample opportunity ofescaping, as the edges of the depressions extend to the ends of thetile, so that it is impossible for it to become pocketed and resist theentrance of the cement.

Now referring to the modifications shown in Fig. 2, it will be notedthat I do not restrict myself specifically to the semi-annular anchoringgroove heretofore described, it being within the scope of my inventionto depart therefrom. For instance, Imay form the groove angularly, asshown at 6, or I may form it in the shape of a segment of a circle, asindicated at 7. With these forms of anchor grooves, I secure a maximumamount of gripping or anchoring edge at a minimum expense of tilematerial. lVhere I have used the terms curved or semi-circular I wouldhave it understood that I do not wish to be restricted to curved orsemicircular grooves or channels, but am entitled to a fair range ofequivalents, and as a specific instance of an equivalent I would mentionthe angular channel or groove shown in Fig. 2, Other grooves ofdifferent formation may be employed Without departing from the spiritand scope of nrv appended claims,

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new herein, anddesire to protect by Letters Patent is,

1. As a new article of manufacture, a tile having upon its under surfaceand at the ends thereof channels, each of the channels extemling fromthe edge of the tile into the body of the same, reversed upon itself andterminating on the same edge of the tile as the point of beginning, eachchannel having an nmler-cut edge for the reception of anchorage materialin the process of tloating, said channels allording a free andunobstructed vent for the escape of air during the floating proce s.

its a new article of manufacture, a tile having upon its under surfaceand at its ends, the semi-circular recesses 2- and -2-, the ends of therecesses beginning and terminating at the same edge of the tile, bothedges of each of the recesses being under-cut for the reception ofanchorage material in the process of floating, said recesses affording afree and unobstructed vent for the escape of air during the floatingprocess.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a tile having upon its under surfacesemicircnlar channels, the ends of which begin and terminate at the edgeof the tile, said channels alfording a free and unobstructed vent forthe escape of air during the floating process.

As a new article of manufacture, a tile having upon its under surface achannel having under-cut edges for the reception of anchorage materialin the process of floating, said channel terminating at edge of tileother than opposite the point of beginning.

its a new article of manufacture, a tile having upon its under surfacechannels at the ends thereof, said channels having under-cut edges forthe reception of anchorage material in the process of floating, eachchannel having ends terminating in the same edge or extremity of thetile.

(3. its a new article of manufacture, a tile having upon its undersurface a plurality of channels having undercut edges, said channelsterminating at edge or extremity of tile other than opposite the pointof beginning, said channels adapted to receive anchorage material in theprocess of floating.

VILLIAM E. RIVERS.

lVitnesses M. LAMSON DYER, JoHN V LOVELAND.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

